REVIEW PAPER
ALLERGIC RHINITIS TREATMENT: OVERVIEW OF THE LATEST GUIDELINES
1
Military Medical Academy Memorial Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, Central Veteran
Hospital, Lodz, Poland
2
Karol Jonscher Municipal Medical Center, Lodz, Poland
3
Mikolaj Pirogow Provincial Specialist Hospital, Lodz, Poland
4
S. Zeromski Specialist Hospital in Cracow, Poland
5
Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
6
Maria Skłodowska-Curie Specialist Hospital in Brzeziny, Poland
7
Nicolaus Copernicus Specialist Hospital, Lodz, Poland
Submission date: 2024-06-19
Final revision date: 2024-08-11
Acceptance date: 2024-08-21
Publication date: 2024-09-05
KEYWORDS
intranasal H1-antihistamineintranasal corticosteroidsoral antihistaminesspecific immunotherapyallergic rhinitis
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent atopic disease in Poland, affecting approximately 25% of the adult population. It is characterized by chronic inflammation induced by IgE-dependent reactions to environmental allergens, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, itching, and ocular manifestations. AR can be categorized as intermittent or persistent based on symptom duration and frequency. Common allergens include dust mites, pollen, animal secretions, and occupational agents. AR often coexists with asthma, necessitating accurate diagnosis and treatment to prevent bronchial complications. Diagnosis of AR relies on clinical symptoms and diagnostic tests such as skin prick testing and immunological assays. Skin prick testing is particularly useful in identifying IgE-mediated processes and guiding allergen avoidance and treatment decisions. Pharmacotherapy options include oral antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids, with combination therapies showing promising results. Immunotherapy, in the form of subcutaneous or sublingual administration, aims to induce immunological tolerance and alleviate symptoms. In conclusion, effective management of AR involves a multifaceted approach, including allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy, and immunotherapy. Early intervention and personalized treatment strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
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| ISSN: | 2353-6942 |
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