Background:
There is strong evidence that values play an important role in basic patterns of human behaviour, but there is a lack of support for this with respect to sexual behaviour. This study examines the relationship between the value orientations of young adults and their sexual behaviour.

Material and methods:
The Rokeach Value Survey (18 terminal values – desirable end-states; 18 instrumental values – desirable modes of conduct) and a questionnaire on sexual behaviour (number of sexual partners in one’s lifetime, condom use, and sex with an unknown person) were administered to 832 students (355 males; mean age = 20.5 years). Six factors were extracted from the Rokeach Value Survey. Logistic regression was performed on students who had had sexual experience (n = 455) using the measures pertaining to risky sexual behaviour as outcomes and each of the value factors as separate predictors.

Results:
The students with high scores on the value factors relating to Social Orientation (Capable, Clean, Obedient, Polite, Responsible, Honest) and Sense of Fellowship (Broad-Minded, Helpful, Forgiving) were less likely to report risky sexual behaviour than the students with low scores on these value factors.

Conclusions:
Individuals who consider socially oriented values to be more important are less likely to engage in risky sexual behaviour. The promotion of safe sex should take health values into account.